CH. 1
Potential of ICT
Importance
1. Definition of ICT : The term information and communication technologies refers to forms of technology that are used to transmit, process, store, create, display, share or exchange information by electronic means. This broad definition includes such technologies as radio, television,
video, DVD, telephone (both
fixed line and mobile phones), satellite systems, and computer and network hardware and
software, as well
as the equipment and services
associated with these technologies, such as video conferencing, email and blogs.
2. ICTs work on the request-response model and hence are
being increasingly implemented by all organizations to provide access to resources and services.
3. Concept of ICT: ICTs are diverse technological
tools and resources that are used to create, disseminate, store, manage, and
communicate information. Computer-based information technology is used for (1) data (2) data collection (3) data processing (4)
storage (5) retrieval (6) presentation. All the modern electronic communication media are used in ICT to exchange information and knowledge between sender and receiver.
4. The information superhighway is an
ever-growing global information and communication network of fiber optic cables that links computers and other communication networks, such as telephone networks, cable television networks and satellite communication networks. All types of
information are digitized and packet ted
before transmission over the Internet. The routing and reassembly of the packets are handled by protocols.
5. Knowledge Society generally refers to a society where knowledge is the primary production resource instead of capital and labor. A knowledge society creates shares and uses knowledge for socio-economic development, and brings new forms of social interaction and cultural expression.
6. Education is important in a knowledge society as (i) a
source of basic skills, (ii) a foundation for development of new knowledge and innovation, and (iii) a mechanism for socio-economic development.
7. ICT enables education and innovation for socio-economic development towards building and sustaining a knowledge society. It is a facilitator for major education and development reforms and
is valuable only as a means to create knowledge societies.
8. Knowledge-society attributes include (i) higher order
thinking skills, (ii) lifelong learning habits,
(iii) ability to communicate and
collaborate (iv) ability to access, evaluate and synthesize
information.
9. Scope of ICT in education: (1) WWW is a vast repository of knowledge for students, teachers and scientists. (2) ICT enables learning anywhere and anytime
through open universities and open education resources. (3) Television is one of the
best communication mediums to educate. (4) Educational curricular contents for KG to PG can be delivered
on CDs, DVDs, etc. (5) LCD projectors can be used for computer-aided teaching and interactive learning in the classroom. (6) Tests and examinations can be conducted
online.
10. In ICT-enabled educational environments where the online world is
integrated with the physical campus
(school or university), students will face a new set of educational challenges. The changed
role of teachers / educators will be to mentor and guide learners in this environment,
rather than teaching them how to use ICT in education.
11. Changes which will take place in an ICT-enabled education
system: (1) Emphasis more on 'learning' than on 'teaching'. (2) Digital age
students, more active and collaborative rather than passive learners. (3)
Learner-centered curriculum, with rapidly changing content. (4) Asynchronous (i.e., anywhere, anytime) teaching-learning
process through e-learning. (5) Use of ICT (such as, Internet connectivity, CD / DVD/ TV,
videoconferencing and multimedia presentation) for synchronous
teaching-learning in classroom. (6) Online evaluation and result.
(7) Educational management through ICT.
12. Changing skill requirements due to ICT and globalization: (1) Basic skills of reading, writing and mathematics. (2) Advanced skills of expert
thinking and complex communication.
13. Transformative impacts of ICT on education: (1) With ICTs, actual study time need not equal classroom time. A school may adopt a dual-shift system to
avoid overcrowded classrooms: students may attend school for half a day and spend the other half involved in
educational activities from anywhere using ICTs. (2) ICTs can provide courses
that small rural or urban schools cannot offer to their students because it is difficult for those
institutions to recruit and retain specialized teachers, particularly to teach
mathematics, science and foreign languages. (3) Schools that do not need a
full-time teacher
can use ICT and share one teacher among several schools. (4) With the help of ICT, experts or retired / part-time teachers in distant
cities can teach the online courses.
14. ICTs, used well in classrooms, enhance the
learning process by (1) allowing students to practice basic skills on their own
time and at their own pace (2) allowing students to access worldwide
information resources via the Internet and to use the acquired information to
solve problems (3) offering the cheapest means for bringing the world into the classroom (4) motivating
and engaging students in the
learning process (5) facilitating understanding of abstract concepts (6)
allowing students to communicate, discuss or exchange their work with others.
Q. 1. Fill in the
blanks: (1 mark each)
(1) The discoveries and
inventions in science and technology have improved the _________ of communication.
(2) Indian Railways, LIC
of India, BSNL, etc. have developed their websites to_________ to all the user
needs.
(3) ICT is a diverse set of technological tools
and resources to create,_________ store and manage information for communication.
(4) The Internet, _______________board
services and online services enable people to obtain information from telecommunication
networks.
(5) Many people believe
that the information highway should be designed and regulated by government,
just like conventional
_______________systems.
(6) The data sent over
a network are broken down into small packets and wrapped with shipping and
_______________ instructions
called protocols.
(7) Knowledge society
generally refers to a society where knowledge is the primary__________ resource.
(8) Education is of
huge importance in the knowledge society as an ___________for socioeconomic development.
(9) ICT is valuable
only as a _______________ to achieve genuine knowledge societies.
(10)WWW is updating
the knowledge _____________for students, teachers and scientists due to tremendous
progress of ICT.
(11) It will become increasingly
easy to create educational environments where the online world is integrated with
the_____________ campus.
(12) Educators will
need to_____________ and guide learners in the ICT environment.
(13) Education systems
are faced with a need to provide formal instruction in information,
_______________, and
technological literacy.
(14) As computer
technology and increased global competition accelerate the rate of economic change,
the need for ______________________has increased correspondingly.
(15) Computerization
and the use of abstract models have turned many people into _________consumers.
Q. 2. State whether the
following statements are true or false: (1 mark each)
(1) ICT is the new technology for communication.
(2) All the electronic media which are used for communications are also used in ICT.
(3) ICT works on the request-response model.
(4) ICT is implemented by private industries but not by government organizations.
(5) ICT is helping development of societies and nations.
(6) International network of networks is called the browser.
(7) Global information and communications networks include networks other than the Internet.
(8) Education cannot be an engine for socio-economic development.
(9) In a knowledge society, education is very important as a foundation for development of new knowledge and innovation.
(10) Use of lCT in education means
simply teaching lCT literacy.
(11) The use of lCT in education and development towards building a knowledge society
includes knowing how to process
and evaluate information.
(12) ICT has the potential to tackle some of the challenges facing education.
(13) Developing countries have to overcome many challenges to successfully and effectively harness the development potential
of lCT.
(14) Computerization and increased global competition require basic skills of
reading, writing and mathematics.
(15) Advanced skill includes expert thinking, which may lack rule-based solutions.
(16) Videoconference is used
for single person at a time.
(17) NlC District Centres in
Maharashtra are connected to the national NICNET with 35 Mbps leased lines.
(18) lCT’s allow students to practice basic skills on their own time and at
their own pace.
Q. 3. Multiple choice questions: (Single Correct Answer) (1 mark each)
(1) ICT stands for __________________
(a) Information and Communication Technology
(c) Interaction and Compile Technique
(b) Information and
Computer Technology
(d) Information
Creation Technology
(2) lCT works on the model.
(a) sending and receiving
(b) hardware and software
(c) request-response
(d) process and
store
(3) ICT can be defined as the use of for
efficient management of information.
(a) CDs
(b) websites
(c) hardware and
software
(d) knowledge
society
(4) Exchange of information
through is K'T,
(a) people
(b) CD/DVD
(c) communication
technology
(d) EDI
(5) K'T is mixture of computer technology and _
(a) knowledge society
(b) information highway
(c) communication
technology
(d) educators
(6) One of the tasks performed by K'T consists of information for utilization in various purposes.
(a) leasing
(b) integration
(c) reprocessing
(d) shipping and assembly
(7) Packet routing over a network involves breaking data into small packets wrapped with
________ instructions.
(a) highway regulatory
(b) design and regulatory
(c) shipping and
assembly
(d) shipping and
handling
(8) is the Information Highway.
(a) Information technology
(b) Data
(c) Information gathering
(d) Internet
(9) The term generally refers to a society where knowledge is the primary
production resource.
(a) Information technology
(b) Knowledge society
(c) Information
gathering
(d) Information literacy
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